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剑桥雅思13Test2Passage2阅读答案解析 Oxytocin 催产素 剑桥雅思13阅读第二套题目第二篇 […]

剑桥雅思13Test2Passage2阅读答案解析 Oxytocin 催产素

剑桥雅思13阅读第二套题目第二篇文章的13道题由4道段落信息匹配,3道人名观点匹配,以及6道总结性填空组成。因为段落信息匹配需要通读全文,所以比较考验大家skimming的能力。下面是具体每道题目的答案解析。

点击查看这篇雅思阅读对应的原文翻译与其中出现的高频词汇

剑桥雅思13Test2Passage2阅读原文翻译 Oxytocin 催产素

雅思阅读真题词汇 剑桥雅思13 Test 2 Passage 2 催产素的作用

剑桥雅思13 Test2 Passage2阅读答案解析

第14题答案:B

对应原文:B段:These follow-up studies have shown that after a sniff of the hormone, people become more charitable, better at reading emotions on others’ faces and at communicating constructively in arguments.

答案解析:B段倒数第二句提到,“随后的研究显示,吸入荷尔蒙之后,人们冰的更加宽厚,更擅长阅读他人脸上的情绪,并更够在争论中进行建设性的交流”,即催产素对人们的积极影响,由此确定答案。

第15题答案:F

对应原文:F段:Oxytocin probably does some very basic things, but once you add our higher-order thinking and social situations, these basic processes could manifest in different ways depending on individual differences and context

答案解析:F段整段都在解释催产素不同作用的原因,但最后一句体现的更为明显。“催产素可能只起基本作用,但一旦加入高层次的思考和社会情景,这些基本过程就会根据个体差异和环境以不同方式展现出来”,由此确定答案为F。

第16题答案:B

对应原文:B段:For eight years, it was quite a lonesome field

答案解析:这句话因为跟段落主题不太相关,因此有点难找。不过其对应关系还是很明显的。原文提到:“8年里,这一直都是无人问津的领域”。其中lonesome对应attracted little scientific attention,由此确定答案。

第17题答案:E

对应原文:E段:in almost half of the existing research results, oxytocin influenced only certain individuals or in certain circumstances. Where once researchers took no notice of such findings …

答案解析:E段开头提到,在将近一半的研究结果中,催产素都只影响特定的个人或者在特定的情况下发挥总用。研究者一度忽视了这些发现。对应题干中ignoring certain aspects of their research data,由此确定为答案。

第18题答案:A

对应原文:B段:Markus Heinrichs and his colleagues … found that participants who had sniffed oxytocin via a nasal spray beforehand invested more money than those who received a placebo instead

答案解析:trusting在A段和B段中都有直接出现,但并没有对应相应的人物。往前寻找我们发现,Markus Heinrichs发现,事先吸入催产素的参与者会比那些接受安慰剂的人投入更多的钱。也就是说他们更加相信自己的投资对象,由此确定A为答案。

第19题答案:B

对应原文:C段:Simone Shamay-Tsoory … found that those who inhaled the hormone … felt more envy when others won

答案解析:Simone Shamay-Tsoory发现那些吸入荷尔蒙的人会在其他人赢的时候感觉更加嫉妒。其中envy对应题干中的jealousy,由此确定答案。

第20题答案:C

对应原文:C段: Jennifer Bartz … found that it improves people’s ability to read emotions, but only if they are not very socially adept to begin with. Her research also shows that oxytocin in fact reduces cooperation in subjects who are particularly anxious or sensitive to rejection.

答案解析:Jennifer Bartz发现,只有在人们一开始不擅长社交的时候,催产素文章来自老烤鸭雅思才能够提升人们阅读情绪的能力。而且催产素事实上减少了那些对拒绝十分紧张或者敏感的实验对象的合作意图。即其影响因人而已,由此判断C为答案。

第21题答案:animals

对应原文:A段:It was through various studies focusing on animals that scientists first became aware of the influence of oxytocin

答案解析:根据题干中earliest的提示从文章开头开始寻找,题干中问的是涉及什么东西的研究,只有animals填上去语义合适,由此确定为答案。

第22题答案:childbirth

对应原文:A段:It is also released by women in childbirth

答案解析:顺着上一题往下,根据women与human的对应定位到这句话,空前词during和in同义替换,由此确定childbirth为正确答案。

第23题答案:placebo

对应原文: B段:in 2005 … participants who had sniffed oxytocin via a nasal spray beforehand invested more money than those who received a placebo instead

答案解析:根据2005定位到B段,题干问的是与oxytocin对应的物品,同一句话中并没有什么特别合适的词汇,因此我们继续往下寻找。发现原文提到,一些人给了催产素,而另一些人给的则是安慰剂。两者正好对应,由此确定palcebo为答案。

第24题答案:game

对应原文:C段:Simone Shamay-Tsoory at the University of Haifa, Israel, found that when volunteers played a competitive game

答案解析:根据Haifa定位到C段的这句话。题干问的是“进行了什么活动的参与者”,原文中只有game填上去语义合适,而且play和和took part in对应,由此锁定答案。

第25题答案:strangers

对应原文:D段:Carolyn DeClerck of the University of Antwerp, Belgium, revealed that people who had received a dose of oxytocin actually became less cooperative when dealing with complete strangers.

答案解析:根据Antwerp定位到D段的这句话,lack of willingness与less cooperative同义替换,题干问的是帮助什么人,只有strangers填上去语义合适,由此锁定答案。

第26题答案:names

对应原文:D段:Meanwhile, Carsten De Dreu at the University of Amsterdam in the Netherlands discovered … Dutch men became quicker to associate positive words with Dutch names than with foreign ones

答案解析:根据大学名称定位到这句话,题干中问的是“在阿姆斯特丹大学进行的研究表明,被用了催产素的人会认为自己国家中、对他们来说很熟悉的____,比那些来自其他文化的有着更为积极的联系”。其中自己国家对应原文中的Dutch,由此确定答案为names。

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