剑桥雅思19Test1Passage3阅读答案解析 The persistence and peril of misinformation 错误消息
剑桥雅思19阅读第一套题目第三篇文章的14道题由4道单项选择,6道选词填空,以及4道判断题组成。前面的选择和填空比较好定位,后面的判断题得花费一番功夫才能在原文中找到对应的点。整体难度还可以接受,算是一篇比较正常的passage 3。下面是具体每道题目的答案解析。
剑桥雅思19Test1Passage2阅读答案解析 The pirates of the ancient Mediterranean 古地中海强盗
剑桥雅思19 Test1 Passage3阅读答案解析
第27题答案:D
对应原文:第1段:Deceiving others can offer an apparent opportunity to gain strategic advantage, to motivate others to action, or even to protect interpersonal bonds.
答案解析:第1段后半部分提到,欺骗他人有时能够带来显著的战略优势、激发他人采取行动,甚至维护人际关系。即错误信息的传播有多种原因,由此确定D为正确答案。A选项中的relatively recent与原文not a new problem相反,而B选项中的find it easy to identify misinformation,以及C选项中的changes as it is passed from onne person to another在原文中都找不到对应,因此通通排除。
第28题答案:A
对应原文:第2段:the means to correct misinformation might, over time, be found in those same patterns of mass communication and of the facilitated spread of information.
答案解析:第2段最后一句提到,随着时间的推移,或许也正可以从这些大众传播模式和信息快速扩散的机制中找到纠正错误信息的手段。A选项中solution to misinformation对应correct misinformation,由此确定其为正确答案。B选项中alter the way in which people regard information,C选项中organisations use misinformation,以及D选项中easier在原文中都找不到依据,因此通通排除。
第29题答案:C
对应原文:第4段:At least three observations related to misinformation in the contemporary mass-media environment warrant the attention of researchers, policy makers, and really everyone who watches television, listens to the radio, or reads information online.
答案解析:第4段提到,在当今的大众媒体环境中,至少有三个与错误信息相关的现象值得研究者、政策制定者,甚至每一个看电视、听广播或在网上阅读信息的人重视。并随后列举了这三个现象。文章来自老烤鸭雅思C选项“列举与错误信息相关的重要问题”与此相符,因此确定它为正确答案。A选项中different opinions,B选项中have changed over time,以及D选项attitude of policy makers在第四段都找不到依据,因此通通排除。
第30题答案:D
对应原文:第6段:Such programs, although laudable and useful, do not keep false advertising off the airwaves.
答案解析:第7段倒数第二句提到,这类项目虽然值得称赞,也确实起到了积极作用,但并不能在错误信息被播出之前就阻止其传播。D选项中regulation对应such programs,fails对应do not,misinformation对应false advertising,media对应airwaves,因此确定其为正确答案。A选项中simplified,B选项中does not affect people’s opinions,以及C选项中more regulatory bodies在原文中都找不到依据,因此通通排除。
第31题答案:G
对应原文:第5段:Although it is fairly routine for individuals to come across information that is false, this article is from laokaoya website, the question of exactly how -and when -we mentally label information as true or false has garnered philosophical debate.
答案解析:人们遇到错误信息时的反应主要集中在第5段,再根据how and when定位到这句话,individuals对应people,information that is false对应misinformation,由此锁定come across,G选项frequent exposure(frequent对应前面的fairly routine)与之同义替换,因此确定它为正确答案。
第32题答案:J
对应原文:第5段:The dilemma is neatly summarized by a contrast between how the 17th-century philosophers Rene Descartes and Baruch Spinoza described human information engagement, with conflicting predictions …
答案解析:顺着上一题往下,根据两位哲学家的名字定位到这句话。原文提到他们两个人的观点相反(contrast, conflicting),J选项different ideas与之同义替换,因此确定它为正确答案。
第33题答案:H
对应原文:第5段:Spinoza argued that people accept all encountered information (or misinformation) by default and then subsequently verily or reject it through a separate cognitive process.
答案解析:根据Spinoza定位到这句话,题干中distinct与separate同义替换,由修饰关系锁定cognitive process(认知过程),H选项中mental对应cognitive,operation对应process,由此确定其为正确答案。
第34题答案:B
对应原文:第5段:In recent decades, empirical evidence … has supported Spinoza’s account
答案解析:根据recent research定位到这句话,题干问的是为斯宾诺莎的理论提供了什么,填上去语义合适的只有empirical evidence,由此确定B为正确答案。
第35题答案:E
对应原文:第5段:people appear to encode all new information as if it were true, even if only momentarily.
答案解析:根据all encountered information和even if定位到这句话,由空前介词for推断空上可能是个时间,由此锁定momentarily。E选项short period与之同义替换,因此确定为正确答案。
第36题答案:C
对应原文:第5段:a pattern that seems consistent with the observation that mental resources for skepticism physically reside in a different part of the brain than the resources used in perceiving and encoding
答案解析:根据resources for scepticism和perceiving and encoding定位到这句话,由空后短语in the brain锁定a different part,确定C为正确答案。
第37题答案:YES
对应原文:第7段:For corrective campaigns to be persuasive, audiences need to be able to comprehend them
答案解析:第7段中间提到,要让纠正信息真正发挥作用,受众必须能够理解这些信息。题干相当于是做了一个双重否定(fail和unable),其他内容基本没有任何改变,因此判断答案为YES。
第38题答案:NOT GIVEN
对应原文:第7段:That some audiences might be unaware of the potential for misinformation also suggests the utility of media literacy efforts as early as elementary school
答案解析:根据elementary school定位到第7段的这句话,原文只是说“有必要从小学开始开展媒体素养教育”,至于有没有人反对(opposed)则完全找不到依据,因此判断答案为NOT GIVEN。
第39题答案:NO
对应原文:第8段:To overcome the worst effects of the phenomenon, we will need coordinated efforts over time, rather than any singular one-time panacea we could hope to offer.
答案解析:原文最后一句提到,若要减轻这一现象带来的严重后果,我们需要的是持续的、共同的社会努力,而不是某种一次性的灵丹妙药。题干中a relatively short period与over time以及rather than any singular one-time panacea直接冲突,由此判断答案为NO。
第40题答案:NOT GIVEN
对应原文:第8段:We live at a time when widespread misinformation is common.
答案解析:文章后半部分唯一能跟题干中today’s world对应的只有live at a time,但无论是keep up with new information还是hugely exaggerated在原文中都找不到任何相似或者相反的部分,因此判断答案为NOT GIVEN。
剑桥雅思19Test1Passage1阅读答案解析 How tennis rackets have changed 网球拍的变化
剑桥雅思19Test1Passage2阅读答案解析 The pirates of the ancient Mediterranean 古地中海强盗

