剑桥雅思19Test2Passage1阅读答案解析 The Industrial Revolution in Britain 英国工业革命
剑桥雅思19阅读第二套题目第一篇文章的整体难度不算太大。一方面工业革命的背景我们比较熟悉。相比于其他文章来说读起来会比较顺畅。另一方面，题目设置也没有太坑人的地方。只是有几道判断题因为对应的原文在段落中间，找起来可能要花费一些功夫。下面是具体每道题目的答案解析。
剑桥雅思19Test2Passage1阅读原文翻译 The Industrial Revolution in Britain 英国工业革命
剑桥雅思19Test2Passage1阅读答案解析
第1题答案：piston
对应原文：第2段：… both the forward and backward strokes of the piston, while the gear mechanism it was connected to produced rotary motion
答案解析：这道题主要考察指代。根据瓦特与博尔顿的名字定位到第2段的后半部分，空后词linked to对应connected to，锁定it，而it则指代前面的piston，由此确定它为正确答案。除此之外，也可以根据题干上movement与forward and backward strokes的对应锁定piston。
第2题答案：coal
对应原文：第3段：The demand for coal … grew rapidly during the Industrial Revolution, as it was needed to run not only the factories used to produce manufactured goods, but also steam-powered transportation.
答案解析：顺着上一题往下，根据power steam engines定位到这句话，题干中的greater对应grew rapidly，required对应demand，由此确定coal为正确答案。
第3题答案：workshops
对应原文：第4段：prior to the Industrial Revolution, the British textile business was a true ‘cottage industry’, this article is from laokaoya website, with the work performed in small workshops or even homes by individual spinners, weavers and dyers.
答案解析：根据before the Industrial Revolution与prior to the Industrail Revolution的对应定位到这句话，再由并列锁定workshops为正确答案。
第4题答案：labour
对应原文：第4段：With these machines, relatively little labour was required to produce cloth
答案解析：顺着上一题往下，根据prdocue cloth定位到这句话，题干中needed与required，not as much与relatively little同义替换，由短语关系确定答案为cloth。
第5题答案：quality
对应原文：第5段：smelting of iron ore with coke … this method was cheaper and produced metals that were of a higher quality
答案解析：根据smelting of iron ore with coke定位到第5段，题干中material对应metals，better对应higher，由修饰关系确定答案为quality。
第6题答案：railway(s)
对应原文：第5段：enabling Britain’s iron and steel production to expand in response to demand created by the Napoleonic Wars (1803-15) and the expansion of the railways from the 1830s.
答案解析：顺着上一题往下，根据demand定位到这句话。题干中的growth与expansion同义替换，由修饰关系确定railways为正确答案。
第7题答案：sanitation
对应原文：第6段：This rapid urbanisation brought significant challenges, as overcrowded cities suffered from pollution and inadequate sanitation.
答案解析：根据题干中上一行small towns turned into cities定位到第6段的末尾。空前词lacked sufficient与inadequate同义替换，由修饰关系锁定sanitation为正确答案。
第8题答案：NOT GIVEN
对应原文：第3段：steam-powered boats and ships were widely used to carry goods along Britain’s canals as well as across the Atlantic.
答案解析：根据Britain’s canal定位到第3段的这句话，但原文只是说“蒸汽动力的船只也被广泛用于在英国的运河上运输货物”，至于运河体系文章来自老烤鸭雅思有没有增长则找不到任何依据，因此判断答案为NOT GIVEN。
第9题答案：FALSE
对应原文：第5段：… the smelting of iron ore with coke (a material made by heating coal) instead of the traditional charcoal. This method was cheaper …
答案解析：第5段中间明确提到，新的冶炼技术要更加便宜。题干中costs in the iron industry rose的说法与cheap相反，因此判断答案为FALSE。
第10题答案：NOT GIVEN
对应原文：第6段：In 1837, British inventors William Cooke and Charles Wheatstone patented the first commercial telegraphy system. In the 1830s and 1840s, Samuel Morse and other inventors worked on their own versions in the United States.
答案解析：与电报相关的内容主要集中在第6段。原文只是说“1837年，英国发明家威廉·库克和查尔斯·惠斯通申请了世界上第一套商用电报系统的专利。而在19世纪30到40年代，美国的塞缪尔·摩尔斯等人也在研发自己的版本。”并没有对两者的可靠性进行比较，因此判断答案为NOT GIVEN。
第11题答案：TRUE
对应原文：第7段：Although industrialisation increased the country’s economic output overall and improved the standard of living for the middle and upper classes, many poor people continued to struggle.
答案解析：第7段开头提到：“虽然工业化提升了国家整体的经济产出，也改善了中产阶级和上层阶级的生活水平，但许多贫困群体仍旧生活艰难”。题干中economic benefits of industrialisation对应经济产出的增长，而limited to certain sectors of society则对应中上层阶级生活改善，贫困群体仍然困苦。即题干中所有的主要信息点在原文中都能找到依据，由此确定答案为TRUE。
第12题答案：TRUE
对应原文：第7段：Many had spent years learning their craft, and they feared that unskilled machine operators were robbing them of their livelihood
答案解析：第7段中间提到：“很多人辛辛苦苦学了多年手艺，却眼看着机器让不具备技能的人也能轻松上岗，他们担心自己的饭碗会被夺走。”题干中some skilled wavers对应spent years learning their craft，job losses对应robbing them of their livelihood，由此判断答案为TRUE。
第13题答案：NOT GIVEN
对应原文：第8段：In the days that followed, other Luddites were arrested, and dozens were hanged or transported to Australia.
答案解析：文章末尾提到，“随后几天，更多卢德分子被捕，数十人被处以绞刑或流放澳大利亚”。但并没有说明当地民众对这一事件的态度，因此判断答案为NOT GIVEN。
